Citizenship
Explore citizenship by investment options for individuals and families, with advice on the appropriate route and application support.
Residency Areas
| Country | Route & financial requirements | Dependants | Entry & application steps | Initial eligibility & language | Application processing | Eligible for nationality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malta🇲🇹 | Malta Permanent Residence Programme
Either option also requires €60,000 administration, €37,000 government contribution and €2,000 donation; additional fees apply.Assets: €500,000 including €150,000 financial assets, or €650,000 including €75,000 financial assets. |
Qualifying spouse / partner, children, dependent parents and grandparents. Adult-dependant charges and eligibility conditions apply. | Apply through a licensed agent. Supply passport, police and civil-status documents, evidence of assets and stable resources, and comprehensive health insurance. Complete the qualifying property and payments as required. | Third-country applicants must meet nationality, good-character, security and financial eligibility rules. No initial language test is listed for MPRP. | About 9 monthsIndicative estimate; individual cases and authority processing vary. | Possible after 5 years’ qualifying residence12 months immediately before applying, plus at least 4 years in the preceding 6 years. Actual residence and other statutory conditions apply; approval is discretionary. MPRP alone does not grant citizenship. |
| Portugal🇵🇹 | ARI investment residence
Direct or indirect real estate investment does not qualify. |
Spouse / qualifying partner; minor or dependent children; qualifying unmarried adult children in education; dependent parents. Other qualifying family categories may apply. | Submit investment and source-of-funds evidence, passport, criminal-record and tax/social-security documents; satisfy entry, insurance and biometric requirements. | Qualifying non-EU/EEA/Swiss applicants must pass admissibility checks and complete an eligible investment. No Portuguese-language test is listed for the initial ARI permit. | VariableDepends on AIMA appointments, document checks and backlogs. Request a current case-specific estimate. | Generally 7 or 10 years7 years of legal residence for EU / Portuguese-speaking-country nationals; 10 years for others under the current law. Language, integration, subsistence and other conditions apply. Transitional rules may protect pending nationality applications. |
| Italy🇮🇹 | Investor Visa
Complete the qualifying investment within 3 months of entry. |
Qualifying spouse and minor children; dependent adult children with qualifying health conditions; parents meeting the statutory dependency conditions. | Obtain the investor nulla osta, then the visa. Supply proof of available lawful funds and criminal-record documentation. Apply for the permit within 8 days of entry. | Qualifying adult investors must evidence control of lawful funds and commit to an eligible investment. No Italian-language certificate is listed for the initial Investor Visa. | About 3–4 monthsIndicative visa estimate. Permit issuance and completing the investment involve further steps. | Generally 10 yearsContinuous legal residence for non-EU nationals; generally 4 years for EU nationals. Language, income and other conditions apply. Holding an Investor Visa without qualifying residence is insufficient. |
| Greece🇬🇷 | Golden Visa — property routes
Property size, completion, use and other statutory conditions apply. |
Qualifying spouse / partner, children under 21 and direct ascendants of the applicant and spouse, subject to the applicable family conditions. | Complete the qualifying property transaction and registration; provide passport, entry visa where required and health insurance, and attend biometric enrolment. | Qualifying third-country applicants must satisfy investor-permit admissibility and property conditions. No Greek-language test is listed for the initial investor permit. | VariableDepends on the authority, property documentation and application. Request a current estimate. | Generally 7 yearsLegal and permanent residence, plus language, integration and other conditions. Reduced periods apply to certain categories. Holding a Golden Visa alone without qualifying residence is insufficient. |
| Country | Route & financial requirements | Dependants | Entry & application steps | Initial eligibility & language | Application processing | Eligible for nationality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monaco🇲🇨 | Residence based on sufficient resources
Rent or own accommodation suitable for the household. Rent depends on the property; no universal statutory monthly rental minimum is stated in the official application guidance. |
Qualifying spouse / partner and financially dependent children. Each family member must meet the applicable residence requirements, with suitable accommodation and evidence of support. | Applicants aged 16+ need a residence permit for stays over 3 months. Provide housing, financial and criminal-record evidence and attend the residence interview. Non-EEA nationals generally need a French long-stay visa first. | Evidence of sufficient resources and suitable housing is essential. No language certificate is listed in the initial residence-permit requirements; an interview still applies. | VariableAllow for bank checks, accommodation and any required French long-stay visa before the residence application. | May apply after 10 yearsHabitual residence in Monaco after age 18. Approval is entirely discretionary; renunciation of the previous nationality is normally required. Residence is not a guaranteed citizenship route. |
| France🇫🇷 | Talent — business routes
|
Spouse and minor children may use the accompanying-family procedure. The spouse’s talent-family permit allows professional activity. | Obtain the appropriate long-stay visa where required, provide project/investment and financial evidence, and complete residence formalities after arrival. | Meet the selected project’s qualification, funding and living-resource rules. The initial talent permit is exempt from the integration contract; the general A2 first multi-year-permit rule does not apply to this category. | Route-dependentConsular and prefecture processing vary. Confirm the timetable for the selected business route. | Generally 5 yearsHabitual residence, with the centre of professional and family interests in France. Language, civic, integration and other conditions apply; exceptions can alter the period. Approval is discretionary. |
| Germany🇩🇪 | Work and job-search routes
|
Blue Card: qualifying spouse and minor children; parents / parents-in-law may qualify under specific rules. Opportunity Card family arrangements differ and require separate assessment. | Supply passport, health-insurance and route-specific qualification/funding evidence. Blue Card applicants need a qualifying job offer, generally for at least 6 months, and any required professional licence. | Opportunity Card points route: a qualifying foreign qualification, at least 6 points, and German A1 or English B2. Fully recognised skilled workers use the alternative route without this language-proof condition. EU Blue Card: no general German-language requirement. | Route-dependentVisa appointments, qualification checks and residence-permit processing vary. | Generally 5 yearsLawful habitual residence and an eligible residence status, plus B1 German, financial, civic and other conditions. An Opportunity Card alone is not a qualifying status for naturalisation. |
Plan for the full cost. Figures are qualifying minimums, not total application costs. Additional government, professional and document fees may apply. Initial requirements are summarised; nationality, family and route-specific conditions apply. Processing estimates are not guarantees.
Nationality eligibility: The periods shown indicate when an application may become possible, not when a passport will be issued. Qualifying residence, absence limits and all other conditions must be met; holding a permit alone is insufficient.
Whether you are considering an investment-led application or a move supported by your income and resources, the appropriate residence route depends on where you want to live and how you intend to use your status.
Explore Malta residency programmes and Monaco residence and relocation, or compare the other destinations on this page. For a second citizenship objective, see our citizenship by investment programmes.
Discuss your citizenship or residency plans with MA Consultants →
Your next step depends on whether you want a second citizenship, residence overseas or permission to live and work in the UK. Explore the relevant service, then discuss your plans with MA Consultants.
Explore citizenship by investment options for individuals and families, with advice on the appropriate route and application support.
Explore residence options for family relocation and long-term planning. A residence permit and citizenship are separate legal statuses.
UK immigration advice for individuals, families and businesses, including visas, sponsor licences, settlement and British citizenship.
Start with your objectives, available budget, family members and intended timeframe. We can discuss whether an investment, income-based or other residence route fits your plans before you decide how to proceed.
Family eligibility varies between programmes and depends on each person's circumstances. We review your proposed family application as part of the initial assessment.
Tell us your preferred destination, main objective, approximate budget and timeframe. You do not need to send passports, bank statements or other sensitive documents through the public enquiry form.
Speak to our London team at Top Floor, 91 Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3PS. Request a tailored assessment.